« Previous
Next »
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Volume 123, Issue 2
, Pages 391-397
, February 2009
Oral contraception, body mass index, and asthma: A cross-sectional Nordic-Baltic population survey
References
- . Exogenous female sex steroid hormones and risk of asthma and asthma-like symptoms: a cross sectional study of the general population. Thorax. 2001;56:613–616
- . Do hormonal contraceptives influence asthma severity?. Eur Respir J. 1999;14:1028–1033
- . Endogenous and exogenous sex steroid hormones and asthma and wheeze in young women. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006;117:1001–1007
- . Menopause, Postmenopausal Estrogen Preparations, and the Risk of Adult-Onset Asthma—a Prospective Cohort Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995;152:1183–1188
- Parity and decreased use of oral contraceptives as predictors of asthma in young women. Clin Exp Allergy. 2006;36:609–613
- . Gender differences in airway behaviour over the human life span. Thorax. 1999;54:1119–1138
- . Asthma severity is associated with body mass index and early menarche in women. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;171:334–339
- Menstrual irregularity and asthma and lung function. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;120:557–564
- Lung function, respiratory symptoms, and the menopausal transition. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;121:72–80e3
- . Hormone replacement therapy and obstructive airway diseases. Treat Respir Med. 2004;3:1–7
- Hormone replacement therapy, body mass index and asthma in perimenopausal women: a cross sectional survey. Thorax. 2006;61:34–40
- Obesity and nocturnal gastro-oesophageal reflux are related to onset of asthma and respiratory symptoms. Eur Respir J. 2004;24:116–121
- . Birth weight, body mass index and asthma in young adults. Thorax. 1999;54:396–402
- . Prospective study of body mass index, weight change, and risk of adult-onset asthma in women. Arch Intern Med. 1999;159:2582–2588
- . Increased incidence of asthmalike symptoms in girls who become overweight or obese during the school years. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;163:1344–1349
- Breast cancer and hormone replacement therapy: collaborative reanalysis of data from 51 epidemiological studies of 52,705 women with breast cancer and 108,411 women without breast cancer. Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer. Lancet. 1997;350:1047–1059
- Oral contraceptives, insulin resistance and ischemic vascular disease. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1990;31:263–269
- . Operational definitions of asthma in studies on its aetiology. Eur Respir J. 2005;26:28–35
- . Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials. 1986;7:177–188
- . Generalized additive models for medical research. Stat Methods Med Res. 1995;4:187–196
- . Exacerbation of premenstrual asthma caused by an oral contraceptive. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1998;81:243–246
- Validation of questionnaire and bronchial hyperresponsiveness against respiratory physician assessment in the diagnosis of asthma. Int J Epidemiol. 1996;25:609–616
- . The association of asthma, atopy and lung function with hormone replacement therapy and surgical cessation of menstruation in a population-based sample of English women. Allergy. 2008;63:95–102
- . Obesity and androgens: facts and perspectives. Fertil Steril. 2006;85:1319–1340
- Recall of early menstrual history and menarcheal body size: after 30 years, how well do women remember?. Am J Epidemiol. 2002;155:672–679
- . Menopausal status: subjectively and objectively defined. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 1998;19:165–173
- Drug consumption in Norway. Norwegian Institute of Public Health. 2007. Available at: http://www.legemiddelforbruk.no/. Accessed December 15, 2008.
- . Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Geneva: WHO; 1999;
- . The validity of self-reported weight change among adolescents and young adults. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007;15:2357–2364
- Association of asthma and hay fever with irregular menstruation. Thorax. 2005;60:445–450
- . Pro-inflammatory effects of oestrogens during use of oral contraceptives and hormone replacement treatment. Vascul Pharmacol. 2002;39:149–154
- . Estrogen acutely stimulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase in H441 human airway epithelial cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1999;20:658–666
- . Nitric oxide paradox in asthma. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2005;100(suppl 1):19–23
- . Asthma in pregnancy. Am J Med. 2000;109:727–733
- . Modulation of airway reactivity and peak flow variability in asthmatics receiving the oral contraceptive pill. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;155:1273–1277
- . Severe premenstrual exacerbations of asthma: effect of intramuscular progesterone. Lancet. 1988;2:370–372
- Leynaert B, Leone N, Driss F, Gislason T, Real FG, Janson C, et al. Asthma and menstrual cycle levels of estradiol and progesterone. European Respiratory Society annual meeting; Stockholm, Sweden; 2007.
- . Asthma variation with menstruation. Br J Dis Chest. 1981;75:306–308
- . Relation between phase of menstrual cycle and emergency department visits for acute asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;162:512–515
- . Metabolic effects of oral contraceptives in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995;80:3327–3334
- . Lung function, insulin resistance and incidence of cardiovascular disease: a longitudinal cohort study. J Intern Med. 2003;253:574–581
- . Impaired lung function is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome in adults. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006;14:1654–1661
- . Inflammation: the link between insulin resistance, obesity and diabetes. Trends Immunol. 2004;25:4–7
- . CD14 monocyte receptor, involved in the inflammatory cascade, and insulin sensitivity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88:1780–1784
Supported by the Icelandic Research Council, the Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation, the Vårdal Foundation for Health Care Science and Allergy Research, the Swedish Association Against Asthma and Allergy, the Norwegian Research Council project 135773/330, the Norwegian Asthma and Allergy Association, the Danish Lung Association, and the Estonian Science Foundation grant no. 4350. F.M. was supported by a grant from the Regional Health Authority of Western Norway and from the Norwegian Foundation for Health and Rehabilitation.
Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: K. Franklin receives grant support from the Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation. L. Bjorge is a member of the Norwegian Cancer Society, the Amathea Foundation in Hordaland, and the Norwegian Society for Obstetrics and Gynecology. The rest of the authors have declared that they have no conflict of interest.
PII: S0091-6749(08)01917-9
doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.10.041
© 2009 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Volume 123, Issue 2
, Pages 391-397
, February 2009
